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Database Management
Database management involves storing, modifying, and extracting
information from a database. This is done by database management
systems (DMBS). There are many different types of DBMSs, ranging
from small systems that run on personal computers (MS Access)
to huge systems that run entire Web sites (MySQL). From a technical
standpoint, DBMSs can differ widely. The terms relational, network,
flat, and hierarchical all refer to the way a DBMS organizes
information internally. The internal organization can affect
how quickly and flexibly you can extract information.
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A collection of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. There are many different types of Data Base Management Solutions (DBMSs), ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes. The following are examples of database applications:
- Computerized library systems
- Automated teller machines
- Flight reservation systems
- Computerized parts inventory systems
From a technical standpoint, DBMSs can differ widely. The terms relational, network, flat, and hierarchical all refer to the way a DBMS organizes information internally. The internal organization can affect how quickly and flexibly you can extract information.
Requests for information from a database are made in the form of a query, which is a stylized question. For example, the query:
SELECT ALL WHERE NAME = "douglas" AND AGE > 45
Requests all records in which the NAME field is douglas and the AGE field is greater than 45. The set of rules for constructing queries is known as a query language. Different DBMSs support different query languages, although there is a semi-standardized query language called SQL (structured query language). Sophisticated languages for managing database systems are called fourth-generation languages, or 4GLs for short.
The information from a database can be presented in a variety of formats. Most DBMSs include a report writer program that enables you to output data in the form of a report. Many DBMSs also include a graphics component that enables you to output information in the form of graphs and charts.
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